Rural Development Schemes – By Ministry of Rural Development

Rural Development Schemes – By Ministry of Rural Development

1. Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana (DAY)

Background : 

• Previously known as National Rural Livelihoods Mission (NRLM), it was launched by MoRD in June 2011.
• It was later renamed as Deen Dayal Antyodaya Yojana (DAY).

Objective :

Creating efficient and effective institutional platforms of the rural poor enabling them to increase household incomethrough sustainable livelihood enhancements and improved access to financial services.

Features :

• It has set out with an agenda to cover 7 Crore rural poor households, across 600 districts, 6000 blocks, 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats and 6 lakh villages in the country through self-managed Self Help Groups (SHGs) and federated institutions and support them for livelihoods collectives in a period of 8-10 years.
• In addition, the poor would be facilitated to achieve increased access to their rights, entitlements and public services, diversified risk and better social indicators of empowerment.
• NRLM believes in harnessing the innate capabilities of the poor and complements them with capacities (information, knowledge, skills, tools, finance and collectivisation) to participate in the growing economy of the country.

2. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY)

Beneficiary :

•  Rural Youth:15 – 35 Years
•   SC/ST/Women/PVTG/PWD: upto 45 Years

Background : It is a part of the National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) – the Mission for poverty reduction called Aajeevika.

Objective & Key features : 

• DDU-GKY aims to skill rural youth who are poor and provide them with jobs having regular monthly wages or above the minimum wages.
• It is one of the cluster of initiatives of the MoRD that seeks to promote rural livelihoods.
• The scheme will benefit more than 55 million poor rural youth who are ready to be skilled by providing sustainable employment.
• It is also designed to be a major contributor to ‘Make in India’ campaign..

Other Features :

• Regional Focus
  Greater emphasis on projects for poor rural youth in Jammu and Kashmir (HIMAYAT)
  The North-East region and 27 Left-Wing Extremist (LWE) districts (ROSHINI)
• Standards-led Delivery
  All program activities are subject to Standard Operating Procedures that are not open to interpretation by local inspectors. All inspections are supported by geo-tagged, time stamped videos/photographs.

3. Startup Village Entrepreneurship Programme (SVEP)

Objective : 

• SVEP will be a focused intervention to promote start-up entrepreneurship at village level by rural poor households by providing assured availability of need based financial support, capacity building and advisory services for establishment of village enterprises.
• SVEP envisages creation of sustainable self-employment opportunities for a large number of rural poor youth, enabling them to engage effectively with the market and help generate wealth locally.
• In the process, SVEP will bring banks and financial institutions closer to the village entrepreneur.

4. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMGAY)

Background :

Previously known as Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY), PMGAY, is a social welfare flagship programme of the GoI to providehousing for the rural poor in India.

Objective : 

• PMAY-G aims at providing a pucca house, with basic amenities, to all houseless householder and those households living in kutcha and dilapidated house, by 2022.
• The immediate objective is to cover 1.00 crore household living in kutcha house/dilapidated house in three years from 2016-17 to 2018- 19.

Features :

• The unit assistance has been increased from Rs. 70,000 to Rs. 1.20 lakh in plain and from Rs75,000 to Rs 1.30 lakh in hilly states, difficult areas and IAP district.
• The beneficiary is entitled to 90.95-person day of unskilled labour from MGNREGS. The assistance for construction of toilet shall be leveraged though convergence with SBM-G, MGNREGS or any other dedicated the source of funding.
• Convergence for piped drinking water, electricity connection, LPG gas connection etc. different Government programmers are also to be attempted.
• The cost of unit assistance is to be shared between Central and State Government in the ratio 60:40 in plain areas and 90:10 for North Eastern and the Himalayan States.

5. Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM) or National Rurban Mission (NRuM)

Background :

• Large parts of rural areas in the country are not stand-alone settlements but part of a cluster of settlements, which are relatively proximate to each other. These clusters illustrate potential for
  growth. These clusters once developed can then be classified as ‘Rurban’.
• Shyama Prasad Mukherji Rurban Mission (SPMRM), aimed at developing such rural areas by provisioning of economic, social and physical infrastructure facilities. was launched on 21st February, 2016.

Objective : 

• Stimulate local economic development, enhance basic services, and create well planned Rurban clusters.
• Development of 300 Rurban clusters, in 5 years.
• Bridging the rural-urban divide – i.e.: economic, technological and those related to facilities and services.
• Stimulating local economic development with emphasis on reduction of poverty and unemployment in rural areas.
• Spreading development in the region.
• Attracting investment in rural areas.

Features :

These clusters would be strengthened with the required amenities, for which it is proposed that resources be mobilized through convergence of various schemes of the Government, over and above which a Critical Gap Funding (CGF) would be provided under this Mission, for focused development of these clusters.

6. Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY)

Objective & Key features : 

• PMGSY is a nationwide plan to provide good all-weather road connectivity to unconnected villages.
• It is a 100% Centrally Sponsored Scheme and 50% of the Cess on High Speed Diesel (HSD) is earmarked for this Programme.
• The Government has brought forward the target date by three years from 2022 to 2019 to achieve complete rural connectivity through all-weather roads under Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana, PMGSY.

7. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA)

What ? 

• MGNREGA also known as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGS) is Indian legislation enacted on August 25, 2005.
• It provides a legal guarantee for 100 days of employment in every financial year to adult members of any rural household willing to do public work-related unskilled manual work at the statutory minimum wage.

Objective :

• To enhance livelihood security in rural areas.
• Strong social safety net for the vulnerable groups by providing a fallback employment source, when other employment alternatives are scarce or inadequate.
• Growth engine for sustainable development of an agricultural economy. Through the process of providing employment on works that address causes of chronic poverty such as drought, deforestation and soil erosion, the Act seeks to strengthen the natural resource base of rural livelihood and create durable assets in rural areas.
• Empowerment of rural poor through the processes of a rights-based Law.
• New ways of doing business, as a model of governance reform anchored on the principles of transparency and grass root democracy.
• Thus, MGNREGA fosters conditions for inclusive growth ranging from basic wage security and recharging rural economy to a transformative empowerment process of democracy.

8. Sansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY)

Objective : 

• SAGY is a village development project launched in October 2014,
• The goal is that each Member of Parliament will take the responsibility to develop 3 Adarsh Grams by March 2019 – by developing physical and institutional infrastructure.
• Of the three, 1 would be achieved by 2016.
• Thereafter, 5 such Adarsh Grams (one per year) will be selected and developed by 2024.

Value Addition :

SAGY aims at instilling certain values in the villages and their people so that they get transformed into models for others. These values include:

• Adopting people’s participation as an end in itself – ensuring the involvement of all sections of society in all aspects related to the life of village, especially in decision- making related to governance.
• Adhering to Antyodaya – enabling the “poorest and the weakest person” in the village to achieve well being
• Affirming gender equality and ensuring respect for women. 
• Guaranteeing social justice.
• Instilling dignity of labour and the spirit of community service and voluntarism
• Promoting a culture of cleanliness
• Living in consonance with nature – ensuring a balance between development and ecology
• Preserving and promoting local cultural heritage
• Inculcating mutual cooperation, self-help and self-reliance
• Fostering peace and harmony in the village community
• Bringing about transparency, accountability and probity in public life
• Nurturing local self-governance
• Adhering to the values enshrined in the Fundamental Rights and Fundamental Duties of the Indian Constitution.
  

9. National Social Assistance Program (NSAP)

Objective :

NSAP is a social security and welfare programme to provide support to aged persons, widows, disabled personsand bereaved families on death of primary bread winner, belonging to below poverty line households.

Importance :

• It represents a significant step towards the fulfilment of the Directive Principles in Article 41 and 42 of the Constitution recognising the concurrent responsibility of the Central and the State Governments in the matter.
• In particular, Article 41 of the Constitution of India directs the State to provide public assistance to its citizens in case of unemployment, old age, sickness and disablement and in other cases of undeserved want within the limit of its economic capacity and development.

Schemes under NSAP Presently NSAP comprises of 5 schemes :

1. Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS) – The eligible age for IGNOAPS is 60 years. The pension is Rs.200 p.m. for persons between 60 years and 79 years. For persons who
are 80 years and above the pension is Rs.500/ – per month.
2. Indira Gandhi National Widow Pension Scheme (IGNWPS) – The eligible age is 40 years and the pension is Rs.300 per month. After attaining the age of 80 years, the beneficiary will get Rs.500/ – per month.
3. Indira Gandhi National Disability Pension Scheme (IGNDPS) – The eligible age for the pensioner is 18 years and above and the disability level has to be 80%. The amount is Rs.300 per month and after attaining the age of 80 years, the beneficiary will get Rs 500/ – per month. Dwarfs will also be an eligible category for this pension
4. National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS) – Rs. 20000/ will be given as a lump-sum assistance to the bereaved household in the event of death of the bread – winner.
5. Annapurna – 10 kgs of food grains (wheat or rice) is given per month per beneficiary. The scheme aims at providing food security to meet the requirements of those eligible old aged persons who
have remained uncovered under the IGNOAPS.

10. Neeranchal Watershed Program

Objective :

• To fulfil the watershed component of the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMSKY) to reduce surface runoff of rainwater, increase groundwater levels and better water availability in rain-fed areas.
• It is a World Bank assisted project.

Infrastructure Schemes

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